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Quick Reference

Command Description

GETTING STARTED

login-name Identifies you to an UNIX system.

password Verifies your identity.

CTRL/S Pauses scrolling.

CTRL/Q Resumes scrolling.

yppasswd Changes your password.

man -k topic Lists commands related to the topic.

man command Displays reference information about

the command.

logout Ends your UNIX session.

FILES AND DIRECTORIES

pwd Displays the path name of your current

directory.

mkdir dirname Creates a directory.

mv filename dirname Moves files to a different directory.

mv filename newfilename Renames file.

cd directory Moves you to a new working directory.

cat file Displays file on your screen.

cat > file Creates a new file, with input from terminal;

end with CTRL/D.

cat filename1 filename2 >filename3 Concatenates two files and outputs into a third.

cat filename1 >>filename2 Concatenates files, appending first to second.

chmod mode filename Changes a file's protection.

cp filename1 filename Copies filename1 to filename2.

rm filename Removes filename.

rmdir dirname Removes dirname.

METACHARACTERS

* Matches any combination of zero or

more characters.

? Matches any single character.

COMMON COMMANDS

alias new old Defines new as another name for

command old.

grep pattern filename Returns lines containing pattern from

filename.

sort filename Sorts the input in alphabetic order.

w Returns a list of users logged in.

finger Returns user finger information.


Command	Description

GETTING STARTED
login-name	Identifies you to an UNIX system.
password	Verifies your identity.
CTRL/S	Pauses scrolling.
CTRL/Q	Resumes scrolling.
yppasswd	Changes your password.
man -k topic	Lists commands related to the topic.
man command	Displays reference information about
	the command.
logout	Ends your UNIX session.

FILES AND DIRECTORIES
pwd	Displays the path name of your current
	directory.
mkdir dirname	Creates a directory.
mv filename dirname	Moves files to a different directory.
mv filename newfilename	Renames file.
cd directory	Moves you to a new working directory.
cat file	Displays file on your screen.
cat `>` file	Creates a new file, with input from terminal;
	end with CTRL/D.
cat filename1 filename2 `>`filename3	Concatenates two files and outputs into a third.
cat filename1 `>>`filename2	Concatenates files, appending first to second.
chmod mode filename	Changes a file's protection.
cp filename1 filename	Copies filename1 to filename2.
rm filename	Removes filename.
rmdir dirname	Removes dirname.

METACHARACTERS
`*`	Matches any combination of zero or
	more characters.
?	Matches any single character.

COMMON COMMANDS
alias new old	Defines new as another name for
	command old.
grep pattern filename	Returns lines containing pattern from
	filename.
sort filename	Sorts the input in alphabetic order.
w	Returns a list of users logged in.
finger	Returns user finger information.

PIPES AND REDIRECTION

command > filename Redirects command output to filename.

command >> filename Appends command output to filename.

command < filename Reads command input from filename.

command command2 Pipes output of command1 to the input

of command2.

REPEATING COMMANDS

history Lists previous commands.

!! Repeats the previous command.

!string Repeats the previous command that

starts with string.

!number Repeats the command you identify by

number.

^wrong^right Corrects errors in the previous

command.

CONTROLLING PROCESSES

command & Executes command as a background

process.

ps Displays the status of current jobs.

kill pid Terminates the process with process ID

number pid.

CTRL/Z Interrupts the current process.

fg Returns the last interrupted job to

the foreground.

bg Continues the last interrupted job

in the background.

jobs Shows status of background jobs.

MAIL - pine

pine Starts mail from the shell.

pine -f folder Starts mail and reads the folder you

name, instead of the mailbox folder.

TEXT PROCESSING

vi filename Starts vi from the shell and edits filename.

emacs filename Starts Gnu emacs from the shell and

edits filename.

PIPES AND REDIRECTION
command `>` filename	Redirects command output to filename.
command `>>` filename	Appends command output to filename.
command `<` filename	Reads command input from filename.
command command2	Pipes output of command1 to the input
	of command2.

REPEATING COMMANDS
history	Lists previous commands.
`!!`	Repeats the previous command.
!string	Repeats the previous command that
	starts with string.
!number	Repeats the command you identify by
	number.
`^`wrong`^`right	Corrects errors in the previous
	command.

CONTROLLING PROCESSES
command `&`	Executes command as a background
	process.
ps	Displays the status of current jobs.
kill pid	Terminates the process with process ID
	number pid.
CTRL/Z	Interrupts the current process.
fg	Returns the last interrupted job to
	the foreground.
bg	Continues the last interrupted job
	in the background.
jobs	Shows status of background jobs.

MAIL - pine
pine	Starts mail from the shell.
pine -f folder	Starts mail and reads the folder you
	name, instead of the mailbox folder.

TEXT PROCESSING
vi filename	Starts vi from the shell and edits filename.
emacs filename	Starts Gnu emacs from the shell and
	edits filename.

MS-DOS COMMAND UNIX EQUIVALENT

chdir dirname cd dirname

copy filename1 filename2 cp filename1 filename2

del filename rm filename

dir ls

find expression filename grep expression filename

mkdir dirname mkdir dirname

more filename more filename

rename filename1 filename2 mv filename1 filename2

print filename lpr filename

rm filename rm filename

rmdir dirname rmdir dirname

type filename cat filename


MS-DOS COMMAND	UNIX EQUIVALENT
chdir dirname	cd dirname
copy filename1 filename2	cp filename1 filename2
del filename	rm filename
dir	ls
find expression filename	grep expression filename
mkdir dirname	mkdir dirname
more filename	more filename
rename filename1 filename2	mv filename1 filename2
print filename	lpr filename
rm filename	rm filename
rmdir dirname	rmdir dirname
type filename	cat filename

Next: About this document ... Previous: fvwm2 - F? Virtual

Paul A. Sihvonen-Binder
8/8/2014